Drug Cartels And The United States - 1688 Words

The situation in Mexico regarding the Drug Cartels has been an ongoing battle that has taken the life of between 30,000 to 40,000 civilians, cartels henchmen and federal employees. The violence has evolved into something new in recent years. The brutality contributed by the drug cartels could potentially be labeled as terrorist acts. The strong domestic conflict surrounding the drug cartel in Mexico has boiled over the border and into the United States. Illegal drugs enter the United States through various openings along the U.S- Mexican Border. There are nine important crossings, such as Tijuana-San Diego, Mexicali, and Ciudad Juarez-El Paso. From Texas to Southern California, these drugs are handed out throughout the United States via†¦show more content†¦The Gulf cartel is struggling to maintain its territory on the eastern coast of Mexico and has become brutal. The Beltran Leyva brothers, leaders of their drug cartel, have been high profile targets of the CalderoÃŒ n pr esidency. Their death has thrown the cartel into confusion, and neighboring groups have been moving to absorb the Beltran Leyva territory. La Familia Michoacan was a new cartel which quickly gained a reputation for being violent. After the deaths of the main leaders of this group, a power struggle left the cartel in the hands of new leaders who renamed it The Knights Templar. Their organization is incorporated with an abnormal evangelical message and remains among the most violent of the cartels. As the war against the drug trading organizations continues, there seem to be two reasonable options. In the first, the major cartels are targeted. The Sinaloa and Gulf cartels will lose their clasp on the borders and be consumed by smaller scale operations. This will leave the Mexican government with a bigger number of cartels, but each will have smaller areas of influence and fewer people on the ground. Whether that type of situation is easier to deal with than the one currently facing the Mexican government is up to debate. In the second outcome, the opposite chain of events occurs. The central government targets smaller, weaker groups, disbanding them. This would allow for the big

Rudolf Laban Free Essays

Rudolf Laban (1879-1958) is considered to be one of the founders of European Modern Dance. He was a dancer, choreographer and movement theoretician. In his new ideas on dance notation and strong belief that dance should be available for everyone; he has transformed modern dance and dance education. We will write a custom essay sample on Rudolf Laban or any similar topic only for you Order Now After refusing to Join the army, as his father had planned for him, aged 33 he moved to Munich as an artist. His previous study of architecture in Paris led to him to develop an interest for the moving body and its spaces. It was in Germany he furthered this interest by spending his summer trying to redesign Bewegungskunst (the art of movement). In 1919 Rudolf Laban set up two Dance Theatre Company’s, a movement class for armatures, opened a main dance school, wrote articles and books, performed himself and also choreographed. In 1927 he moved to Berlin and opened the Choreographisches Institut and 3 years later he was appointed director of movement and choreographer of the Prussian State Theatres in Berlin. After failing to Join the ‘Nazi way of life’ in 1936, his name and work was destroyed by the Government Propaganda Ministry whilst at the height of his career. So in 1938 he took refuge in Britain. When Rudolf Laban was sixty he began to introduce dance study methods such as Laban’s analysis (splitting the analysis of dance into 4 simple categories: action, space, dynamic, relationship) with the help of Lisa Ullmann. Then finally in 1946 he opened the Movement Studio in Manchester. Rudolf Laban (1879-1958) is considered to be one of the founders of European Modern Dance. He was a dancer, choreographer and movement theoretician. In his new ideas on dance notation and strong belief that dance should be available for everyone; he has transformed modern dance and dance education. opened the Movement Studio in Manchester. and also choreographed. In 1927 ne moved to Berlin and opened t turtnered this interest by spending his summer trying to redesign egungskunst How to cite Rudolf Laban, Papers

BindImageEx API Essay Example For Students

BindImageEx API Essay The BindImageEx function computes the virtual address of each function that is imported. This function supersedes the BindImage function. Use BindImageEx to provide a status routine or flags to control the image binding. BOOL BindImageEx(DWORD Flags, PSTR ImageName, PSTR DllPath, PSTR SymbolPath, PIMAGEHLP_STATUS_ROUTINE StatusRoutine );ParametersFlags in Specifies the behavior of the function. This parameter can be a combination of the following values. Value Meaning BIND_NO_BOUND_IMPORTS Do not generate a new import address table. Windows 95/98/Me: This flag is required. BIND_NO_UPDATE Do not make changes to the file. BIND_ALL_IMAGES Bind all images in the call tree for this file. BIND_CACHE_IMPORT_DLLS Do not discard DLL information in the cache between calls. This improves performance when binding a large number of images. ImageName in Pointer to a null-terminated string that specifies the name of the file to be bound. This value can be a file name, a partial path, or a full path . DllPath in Pointer to a null-terminated string that specifies the root of the search path to use if the file specified by the ImageName parameter cannot be opened. SymbolPath in Pointer to a null-terminated string that specifies the root of the path to search for the files corresponding symbol file. StatusRoutine in Pointer to a status routine. The status routine is called during the progress of the image binding. For more information, see StatusRoutine. Return ValuesIf the function succeeds, the return value is TRUE. If the function fails, the return value is FALSE. To retrieve extended error information, call GetLastError. RemarksThe process of binding an image consists of computing the virtual address of each imported function. The computed virtual address is then saved in the importing images Import Address Table (IAT). As a result, the image is loaded much faster, particularly if it uses many DLLs, because the system loader does not have to computer the address of each imported function. If a corresponding symbol file can be located, its time stamp and checksum are updated. All ImageHlp functions, such as this one, are single threaded. Therefore, calls from more than one thread to this function will likely result in unexpected behavior or memory corruption. To avoid this, you must synchronize all concurrent calls from more than one thread to this function. Requirements Windows NT/2000/XP: Included in Windows NT 4.0 and later. Windows 95/98/Me: Included in Windows 95 and later. Header: Declared in Imagehlp.h. Library: Use Imagehlp.lib.

Tricks to Connect Different Ideas in Writing

Tricks to Connect Different Ideas in Writing Despite having the most convincing and brilliant ideas in the world, no one is likely to pay attention if those ideas are not properly structured and connected. Your readers need to transition smoothly from one thought to another, else they will definitely find something else to read or do. The question that comes to your mind after reading the above prompt is, how do I get to achieve this, or am I doing it the right way? To answer your question(s) here are some tricks to connect different Ideas in writing. Prewriting Strategies Whether you are writing and the academic essay, a creative paper or any other kind of writing, they all have a common denominator; the need to keep the audience engaged. Capturing the attention of the reader from the beginning to the end of your write up depends on the coherence and clarity of the ideas. To achieve this in essay writing, you need to use various prewriting strategies before putting the pen to paper. Prewriting strategies helps writers create and organize content before they start the writing process.These strategies include: writing essay outlines; brainstorming, free writing, clustering, and using the six journalists questions. Essay outlines present the structure your write up will take. Brainstorming allows writers to explore their ideas without any restrictions or rather allows them to think outside the box. Free writing allows the writer to write the random thoughts and ideas established from brainstorming without paying attention to structure and the conventional writing styles. Clustering also referred to as mind mapping involves creating a visual representation of ideas helping to establish how ideas are connected visually. The journalists questions seek to answer the Who?, What?, When?, Where?, Why?, and How? The Actual writing Having established the ideas and how they relate to each other, it is now time to put pen to paper. Connecting different ideas in writing is mainly a matter of attitude where you assume that the readers not only need to know what you know but also need to know how you arrived at that point. This is achieved by providing links in your writing or transitions between ideas. Making links between Ideas The first step creating smooth paragraph transitions is establishing the relationship between the paragraphs which are typically connected via writing hooks. To establish these hooks consider whether the next paragraph: Makes a similar point? Makes a different point? Expands on the previous idea? Contradicts an argument? Provide emphasis? Continues an argument? Shows an exception? And more. The above list is not exhaustive but only serves as a guide to show you how to establish the relationship between two paragraphs to enable you to achieve effective paragraph transitions in your writing. How to Make Paragraph Transitions Having established the relationship between two paragraphs, you can now implement various paragraph transitions to keep your ideas connected throughout the paper. Paragraph transition takes two forms: Starting the new paragraph by linking it to the previous paragraph or ending a paragraph with a phrase that leads or rather introduces the next paragraph using Transition signals. The use of the Transition signals is also referred to as Signposting because, they act as signposts that for the reader to follow your ideas from one paragraph to another, sentence to another, or between paragraphs or topics. Some examples of sign posts include: consequently followed by In this case however initially moreover similarly in contrast To sum up the above tricks on how to connect different ideas in essay writing, you need to understand how to use paragraph transitions through the use of writing hooks and sign posts; your paragraphs should not operate in a vacuum.

How to Take Advantage of Opportunities and Get Hired

How to Take Advantage of Opportunities and Get Hired Perhaps, you are one of the millions that is currently looking for new job opportunities. The average job hunter is completely unaware of the best way to take advantage of opportunities that are currently available to them. The fact is that most successful job seekers learn to identify those opportunities, once they are presented to them. Here is more on how to take advantage of those job opportunities that pop up. PreparationOne key to job hunting success is to make sure that you are prepared for the opportunity. Take for instance a warehouse worker who has been unemployed for several months. Potential employers would probably like to view a fully updated resume. Take advantage of job opportunities with a prepared resume that identifies your key skills and experience. You can take a look at a  sample resume of warehouse worker. Observe several resumes and notice the construction. Design your resume to attract more job opportunities, using samples as a guideline. The next time that a job opportunity is presented, be prepared with an up to date resume.Job CounsellingTake advantage of sources in your community that provide job counselling to the unemployed. The good news is that many of the job counselling services are free. Seek out services at local community colleges, universities, unemployment offices, and community centers. You can also search online for job counselling sources. The job counselling services provide people with expert career advice and help them network with companies looking for new employees.Finding Jobs OnlineIt’s probably no news to you that millions of people search online for new jobs. It’s a good idea to add this to your job search toolbox. Take advantage of opportunities online. It wasn’t too long ago that only those working for government agencies or large corporations could take advantage of Internet job searches. Now, the average person is able to use  job search engines  or visit  job posting sites   online, to find new job opportunities.NetworkingHere is a question that every job seeker should ask themselves. Have I communicated to all the people I know in my network that I am looking for employment? If the answer is no, it’s time to get to work. The fact is that there are a multitude of jobs available that are not advertised. Employers find new staff through networking with others in the industry. Make sure that everyone in your network is fully aware that you are seeking new employment. Take advantage of opportunities to network on a daily basis.

How to Write Compelling Personality Profiles

How to Write Compelling Personality Profiles The personality profile is an article about an individual, and profiles are one of the staples of feature writing. No doubt youve read profiles in newspapers, magazines or websites. Profiles can be done on just about anyone whos interesting and newsworthy, whether its the local mayor or a rock star. Here are seven tips for producing great profiles. 1. Take the Time to Know Your Subject Too many reporters think they can produce quick-hit profiles where they spend a few hours with a subject and then bang out a quick story. That wont work. To really see what a person is like you need to be with him or her long enough so that they let their guard down and reveal their true selves. That wont happen in an hour or two. 2. Watch Your Subject in Action Want to know what a person is really like? Watch them doing what they do. If youre profiling a professor, watch him teach. A singer? Watch (and listen) to her sing. And so on. People often reveal more about themselves through their actions than their words, and watching your subject at work or play will give you lots of action-oriented description that will breathe life into your story. 3. Show the Good, the Bad, and the Ugly A profile shouldnt be a puff piece. It should be a window into who the person really is. So if your subject is warm and cuddly, fine, show that. But if theyre cold, arrogant and generally unpleasant, show that too. Profiles are most interesting when they reveal their subjects as real people, warts and all. 4. Talk to People Who Know Your Subject Too many beginning reporters think a profile is just about interviewing the subject. Wrong. Human beings usually lack the ability to objectively view themselves, so make a point of talking to people who know the person youre profiling. Talk to the persons friends and supporters, as well as their detractors and critics. As we said in tip no. 3, your goal is to produce a rounded, realistic portrait of your subject, not a press release. 5. Avoid Factual Overload Too many beginning reporters write profiles that are little more than an accretion of facts about the people they are profiling. But readers dont particularly care when someone was born, or what year they graduated from college. So yes, include some basic biographical information about your subject, but dont overdo it. 6. Avoid Chronologies Another rookie mistake is to write a profile as a chronological narrative, starting with the persons birth and plodding through their life up to the present. Thats boring. Take the good stuff- whatever it is that makes your profile subject interesting- and emphasize that right from the start. 7. Make a Point About Your Subject Once youve done all your reporting and gotten to know your subject reasonably well, dont be afraid to tell your readers what youve learned. In other words, make a point about what kind of person your subject is. Is your subject shy or aggressive, strong-willed or ineffectual, mild or hot-tempered? If you write a profile that doesnt say something definitive about its subject, then you havent done the job.

Confederate Constitution Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Confederate Constitution - Essay Example As such, before the point in time that Jefferson Davis was elected as President of the Confederacy, Cobb was the de-facto leader of the Confederacy and served as the executive power under whose signature the Confederate Constitution was able to be passed into law. With regards to the â€Å"why† question, this document served as a means of proclaiming a level of self determination, a la the much earlier Declaration of Independence that the founding fathers of the United States had penned. Moreover, it served to differentiate the means whereby the Confederate States sought to define the most important concepts of power and the relationship which the member components of their own union must relate to the central Confederate government. As such, the document specified that at any time and for any reason, the dissolution of a member state from such a confederacy was entirely possible and allowable under the legal terms in which the document was penned. Similarly, with regards to t he â€Å"where† question, the document was ratified in Montgomery Alabama. With regards to the key differentials that the document noted as compared to the United States Constitution, these were many and will be explained within the following bullet points: The preamble to the Confederate Constitution placed emphasis upon the fact that all signatory states were acting in their own sovereign and independent character. Establishes the 3/5’s compromise as the law of the land; thereby denoting that a slave can only be counted as 3/5’s of a person when determining the overall population total of each state. Provided the President of the Confederate States with the power of line item veto but reqruierd that once the president would use the veto power that... With regards to the â€Å"why† question, this document served as a means of proclaiming a level of self-determination, a la the much earlier Declaration of Independence that the founding fathers of the United States had penned. Moreover, it served to differentiate the means whereby the Confederate States sought to define the most important concepts of power and the relationship which the member components of their own union must relate to the central Confederate government. As such, the document specified that at any time and for any reason, the dissolution of a member state from such a confederacy was entirely possible and allowable under the legal terms in which the document was penned. Similarly, with regards to the â€Å"where† question, the document was ratified in Montgomery Alabama.With regards to the key differentials that the document noted as compared to the United States Constitution, these were many and will be explained in the following bullet points:ï  ¶ The preamble to the Confederate Constitution placed emphasis upon the fact that all signatory states were acting in their own sovereign and independent character.ï  ¶ Establishes the 3/5’s compromise as the law of the land; thereby denoting that a slave can only be counted as 3/5’s of a person when determining the overall population total of each state.ï  ¶ Provided the President of the Confederate States with the power of line item veto but required that once the president would use the veto power that the bill would then be resubmitted to both houses for a possible override.

International HR and Organizational Behavior Essay

International HR and Organizational Behavior - Essay Example 131). When Japanese firms, as suggested by the two authors, face similar institutional forces, they have developed different levels of the organizational capabilities required to effectively use their resources in international competition. In most Japanese Firms, the HR or the firms' resources and capabilities emphasizes the management of the internal environment of the firm as a key to competitiveness. These are called "the fixed, firm-specific input factors of production. The subject organizational learning has been of frequent study in the literature as a system that significantly assists the survival of small firms. In United Kingdom's manufacturing firms, it has been studied that entrepreneurial firms use higher-order (or double-loop) learning. Moreover, it has been also found that higher-order learning greatly influences definite managerial competencies. Firms were able to manage information more effectively than non-entrepreneurial firms. In persuading small firms to increase their commitment to employee and organizational development, the UK government has adopted the philosophy of organizational learning (Fryer 1997). ... This is the Lifelong Learning that is composed and implemented in four policy initiatives: New Deal, the University for Industry, Individual Learning Accounts, and the National Grid for Learning. Even though these methods proved to offer benefits, some authors still suggest to add the caution that there is very limited empirical data in the academic literature to substantiate any claims about how and why organizational learning actually contributes towards enhancing organizational performance (Badger et al. 2001). National Differences: Does it matter With the rise of globalization and internationalization of businesses, comes a challenge of a potential culture collision. Firms involve in the international business have the tendency to retain many aspects of their original national culture bias in their global trades. As a result, firms should look forward to ever more cross-cultural exchanges in striving to reach agreements that are both understandable and meaning to both negotiators. For an international business to prosper, it has to successfully manage and anticipate the impact of cultural differences prior to venturing. National difference is an intangible factor that might cause Multinational Firms to either be successful or otherwise. Misunderstanding and misinterpretations are just two things that are inevitable in cross-cultural dealings and thus require proper conflict management. Even though most international joint ventures succeed, it can never be denied that cultural factors still continue to surface and cause problems in more understated and indirect ways. In joint ventures, it becomes the problem of the managers in resolving everyday conflicts with coworkers from other

Training Staff for Criminal Justice Essay Example for Free

Training Staff for Criminal Justice Essay The three key issues intricate with correctional staff are corruption, staff safety, gender and staffing. Correction officers are people that tried to become cops but failed. So their morals take a huge hit because they are upset about not being able to become a police officer. So it is easier for them to be corrupted because that’s their way of getting back at the system. Another way of corruption is by force and fear; maybe a prison gang is threatening the correctional officer family. Either way I believe that in order to prevent officers of becoming corrupted there should be more cameras and have a better ethics-training program. One effective management policies and procedures is to start a code of ethics program for correctional officers, a program that makes correctional officers comprehend the code of standards of morality since they are involved in greater demands than just being a decent person. They need to understand that without their morals people get hurt or even killed. Second key issue is staff safety there has been horrific situations were inmates murder correctional officers and thus people are afraid to work in prisons. While inmate populations go up, correctional officers are going down because the things you read and hear on the news. For example â€Å" (1) the savage murder of Correctional Officer Jose Rivera on June 20, 2008, by two prison inmates at the United States Penitentiary in Atwater, CA. ; (2) the brutal stabbing of a correctional officer on April 23, 2009, by a prison inmate at the United States Penitentiary in Terre Haute, IN. (3) the brutal stabbing of a correctional officer on November 1, 2009, by a prison inmate at the United States Penitentiary in Lewisburg, PA; and (4) the more than 350 vicious inmate-on-staff assaults that have occurred at various BOP institutions since the murder of Correctional Officer Rivera. † (By Joe Davidson,October 15, 2012) Correctional officers deal with murders, rapists, and mentally ill the refore their job can be very difficult. If failing to protect your staff, visitors and detainees then there can be major implications for your institute. Second effective management policies and procedures for recruiting and training are to set up an investigative committee to search for and punish instances of staff getting hurt. Internal policing should be balanced carefully. There should be more correctional officers at prisons that carry the most notorious criminals. Maybe have more K9s to help prevent attacks from inmates. The third key issues involved with correctional staff is gender and staffing. I don’t believe there should be females in male facilities because most girls love the attention and that’s unprofessional when its in male prisons. You hear on the news about female guards getting impregnated by inmates and that’s very immoral of them. These correctional officers should be in jail because these inmates are people that committed horrible crimes and is in prison to be punished! â€Å"Four female correction officers were impregnated by the reported leader of a Maryland prison gang, which used a network of female prison guards to help launder money, run drugs and smuggle contraband into state detention facilities, according to a federal indictment. (By RUSSELL GOLDMAN, April 24, 2013) These female guards were smuggling contraband and gifts for the black guerrilla family. If we had only male correctional officers in male prisons then there will be less temptation to giving in. Third effective management policies and procedures for recruiting is to watch officers tattoos, these female guards in MD that got pregnant from gang leader of the black guerrilla family had gotten tattooed â€Å"Tevon† on their bodies. Therefore we need to identify and monitor officers suspected of dishonesty. Officers with tattoos such as symbols of gangs on their wrists or necks may be indicating an affiliation or rank in a prison gang. Background checks on correctional officers also may be an effective way of uncovering gang ties and a history of unethical behavior. I think in order to have a good correctional officer you need to find one that’s not affiliated with gangs, try to find a candidate that has no history with gang activity. â€Å"Good officers come from a good environment. They enjoy supportive, two-parent families with siblings, quality education and at least a modicum of financial affluence. They are free of prejudice and abnormal training in arts that no human has any business practicing, such as torture and murder. They feel honest compassion for man, animals and our ecology. They are subject to guidance, oversight, quality control, censure, and feedback loops from moral individuals and real punishment for deliberate acts of abuse. They will know what it feels like to be abused. The scientific application of all these principals will make good corrections officers. †(James Bauhaus, what makes a good prison guard) Plan to Improve Correctional Facilities I believe need to help people stay out of the system. So many are in for minor offenses and come out ten times worse when they arrived inside. I’ve seen friends that came back more violent and more streets smart. So I think there should be a lot more programs and support from the government to help individuals to learn a profession so that they can have a chance to fly straight. â€Å"Once were in jail, theres no point sending us back out to do it all again. Incarceration is the punishment of someone that did something illegal; incarceration is to make someone change for the better. Youve got us locked up, so use the time to help us change. Dont turn out the same person who went in (or a worse person the party bag were sent away with usually includes a nice new line in bullying, violence, manipulation and drug use) because well carry on committing crime, as we dont know any other way to live. If prisons did nothing more than run effective drugs programs, the crime rate over the next five years would be slashed. We advocate therapy, talent recognition initiatives, training, education, and drug and alcohol programs. Some of these already exist, but there arent enough programs, and not enough of them work. In fact, a lot are expensive disasters. (Mark Johnson, The Guardian, 2008) One major target population is women in jail. Female inmates live in the same surroundings as men do however female inmates face more problems because I think they get more emotional then men do thus their issues start growing more and more eventually blowing up their anger amongst women inmates. Overall, the population of women in the criminal justice system is the fastest growing. Women in prison have gone up over twenty percent and over fifteen percent in probation. â€Å"The growth in the female incarcerated population was 2. 2 percent since 2,000. (Leonard Sipes, Statistics on Women Offenders) While the population of women in prison has been going up, there has not been a rise of women prisons. Women are more likely to be in a prison that is far away from their families. Which will hurt their family and even worse their children. With not a lot of contact with their children, I think stress levels get high among women in jail. When you put women into these situations then they look for an alternative to ease the pain and anger. That’s when drugs come into play. â€Å"In Maryland, half the women reported daily heroin use in the six months leading up to their arrest compared to lightly more than a third of men. Half the women reported daily cocaine use compared to 22 percent of men. † (Leonard Sipes, Statistics on Women Offenders) Our budget spending on facilities is ridiculous because the system is not doing what they are supposing so do. They don’t help rehabilitate inmates as much as they should. Pretty much we tax payers are not getting our moneys worth. â€Å"Ten years ago, the correctional healthcare market was $4. 5 billion in annual spending, with approximately 40% outsourced to private vendors. Today, the share of the mar ket served by outsourcing is growing alongside a rising inmate population. As a corollary, the rising costs of healthcare due to a graying correctional population and other factors have doubled the market to over $10 billion. † (Marc Baudry, 2012) There are three major keys to help issues in corrections†¦ the first one is education programs. EVERYONE knows education is very important to succeed in life. Therefore there should be more educational programs and it should be mandatory to attend. I know at first its going to be hard but once inmates get out the system and find a decent job then the word will spread and then inmates will take advantage of these programs. They should capitalize on inmates that have a family. â€Å"McElrath-Bey argues that investment can’t be limited to higher education. Though GED programs exist in most prisons, many inmates are still unable to take advantage. Typically, inmates who have financial support from the outside—from family or friends—are the ones who earn their degrees. Inmates with no help are forced to take prison work, to pay for the food, clothes and toiletries—like soap and toothpaste—that make life bearable inside prison walls. You can either go to school, or you can work to earn the basic necessities you need to survive. (Mathew Fleischer, 2013) Probation and parole is my second major key to help issues in corrections. Sometimes the probation officer gets burnt out and stops caring for inmates. I think there should be more contact and communication with the probation officer and parole. The inmate needs as much help as he can get so probation officers should do as much as he or she can to make sure that the offender does not return to prison. I know there are so many inmates that don’t care and end up coming back to prison but that still shouldn’t stop the probation officer from doing his or her job. My third one is a faith-based program. I’ve seen people change because of their new beliefs and I think that’s what most inmates need. A faith-based program is a good idea because it teaches inmates the way of believing something such as god or whatever religion. People sometimes don’t want to understand the ways of god but when you read and think about the sins you committed then you start to feel some remorse. I’ve seen this happen with two of my cousins. Both were in jail and while reading the bible it helped them understand their need to change for the better. One of them is out working at Sprint as a sales consultant doing very well for himself now. The other is still waiting for his trial in September. Whatever the outcome may be I believe with faith based programs it’ll turn inmates to a better person. One way to improve target population is better social skills for inmates. Prisons need a greater unity between warden, prisoners and staff. Also stop having a race thing. There should be a group of people that are different race put in each cell. Second way to improve population is stop the overcrowding. People that are on edge are more likely to blow up on someone when they are always around. Sometimes an inmate needs some space to try to deal with their issues. My third suggestion to improve target population is to upgrade the prisons and jails because some facilities are rundown and rotting so this could possibly present health and safety hazards for inmates. No one would like to live in poor conditions so its time to have a modernization in correctional facilities. I think with these ideas, inmate issues will decrees and that inmates frustration/problems will be resolved more quickly. Philosophy and Goals of Punishment and Reformation The goals of punishment and reformation are to rehabilitate people that commit crimes and to protect our citizens. History has taught us the nature of corrections, People need to be punished for their actions however sometimes there are some people that are sick and not know what they are doing. Times are changing so there are new tactics/programs to help criminals get back on their feet. â€Å"How criminals were punished and the methods behind the punishment changed throughout the times. Standards of punishment moved from banishment and fines to torture and blood feuds (Siegel Senna, 2005). A more organized system of punishment came forth with the formation of Common Law, which was brought over to the United States from England. With the development of a system, there was a move away from physical punishment toward methods more acceptably used yet today in the United States. † (Elizabeth Renter, 2008) With that said, there are three major challenges to corrections, using an evidence based approach can help determine the best way to deal with different offenders to attempt to achieve the different goals of the criminal justice system. Reformation is to make people fear being punished and to correct peoples behavior. Unfortunately you can go to jail for something minor like possession of drugs, traffic violations, and misdemeanor offences. The first major issue of discussion is prison and jail overcrowding. Numerous reports and television indicate that even down to the local city and county jail, overcrowding has affected the small town as well. The overcrowding of prisons and jails appears to be result of the growing number of offenders of petty crime, who ultimately end up incarcerated for short periods of time. It is hard on correction officers when they have to deal with a large number of population. The second major issue facing corrections is gangs. You always hear it from the guards and inmates that â€Å"numbers is power†. Gangs make it hard for an individual to come in and try to fly straight. Gangs will either make you suffer by selling you to other inmates or your going to have you do illegal actions that might add time to your original sentencing. They are very manipulative and real quick to kill anyone even officers just to make a point. Its all about money and power for prison gangs such as the Mexican Mafia, they make millions working the cartels and making their street gangs to move/sell drugs around the United Sates. There are lots of reasons why convicts go back to jail. They might have gotten use to being locked up and would rather stick to what they know because the real world can be scary, finding a decent job is very hard now, the digital age might be intimidating to the older criminals, and sometimes the system forces you back in. For example if you are from Florida and committed a crime in Virginia when you get out, you have to find a way back home. Sometimes you can’t leave the state till Florida reviews your case and allows you to come back. My third major issue is the increased imprisonment of crimes caused there to be a larger population in facilities, now more then ever there is more hazardous conditions for everyone because correctional officers have to deal with transmissible diseases in their facilities. One of the scariest things is dealing with prisoners with HIV and other catchable diseases. Not all of these individuals catch these diseases by sexual stuff but some of the offenders may have gotten it by sharing needles (drug use). This presents a situation where other prisoners and guards may be at risk for coming into contact with these sick people. My philosophy of corrections that includes using an evidence based approach is to not place every offender in the same category/cell as it would be very hard to deal with certain people that have the same offense. I just think that drug dealers should be all in one prison unless they committed other crimes like murder. White collard criminals should still be in the same prison with blue collard criminals. Blue collard criminals represent a more heinous level of crime however they both stole money even though one did it over the Internet and the other had a gun. Todays correctional policies appear to be unsuccessful in dealing with crime and offenders but in order to work towards a better system, research and development is necessary to understand how to correct these flaws and to build a more improve system for turning offenders into law abiding citizens. Rehabilitation and reformation are still a goal of punishment today in the United States but due to the reoffending criminals it is hard to believe it is possible to get a criminal to change their conduct. This method may work well with drug users that are ready to get clean. In conclusion corrections can be a challenging field today with obstacles in the way of finding the perfect method of dealing with crime and offenders. My philosophy of corrections using evidenced based approach is to limit the penalty for minor offenders. Have them work hard cleaning our country and building homes for poor families. This might reduce people in jail/prisons and improving the way that criminals live by not going for the easy cash. They will have learned a new skill before the leave. â€Å"The truth is, of course, that punishment practices of the recent past have, for the most part, been strikingly lenient. Thoughtful and considered public opinion is capable of recognizing when criminals are not receiving the punishments they deserve. † (Ronald Pestritto, 1996) Three goals of punishment and reformation, prison is an effective form of punishment for bad offenders such as killers and rapists. It serves a purpose to deter criminals from committing their crimes again as well as being a form of retributive justice for the victims. Second is a question, what is reformation? It is a goal of rehabilitation for many offenders, the goal for a prison to punish people instead of death. The loss of freedom to go anywhere, to drive, eat your avorite meal, and to see your friends and family. Third one is I believe a good prison should be an adequate retribution for the crime but also focus on rehabilitating the criminals that committed a minor offence such as steeling something small, people with small amounts of drugs, and young kids. The thing people need to know is that most of these folks in prison are eventually going to come out again. So we think its smart policy to try to change them while theyre locked up, so that when they return to society there will be fewer victims on the street. (Fox Butterfield, Inmate Rehabilitation Returns as Prison Goal, 2001)

Student Republican Party Platform Essay -- Politics Political Science

Preamble The dawn of a new millennium is upon us and we, the Republican Party, are fully prepared to meet the challenges that await us. This past century, due to the resilience and determination of the American people, our country has experienced more growth and prosperity than any other nation in recorded history. However, dark challenges threaten the moral fiber of this great nation. The past eight years, under Clinton’s leadership, the national government has lacked the fortitude to effectively battle the dangerously extremist trends that have gradually forced their way into the American culture. In order for America to be the great nation it once was, the Republican Party must be in power. The Republican Party has a vision that will lead America into the 21st Century. This vision is well grounded in the strong American traditions of family, community and faith in God. We believe that the traditional family is the foundation upon which our great nation was built, and we must strive to protect and support this institution. Our track record in Congress has shown the American people that the Republican Party is able to provide quality leadership. We have addressed important issues such as family values, jobs, education and the welfare of all Americans. We have enacted legislation such as the Defense of Marriage Act to protect the institution of the family from the destructive social forces that threaten its stability. We have also addressed the issue of welfare by requiring that all able-bodied welfare recipients work for their benefits, thereby lessening the financial burden carried by American taxpayers since welfare recipients are now forced to be more responsible for their own livelihood. Welfare is no longe... ...ly decrease after one year if they work less then 20 hours a week. By the second year he/she will be cut from the welfare system. Illegal aliens may only qualify for emergency hospital care. Low-income housing will be provided for welfare recipient for as long as they are receiving benefits; rent fees will be directly deducted from the welfare check. In order to stop the flow of poverty from one generation to another, we, the Republican Party, believe that school choice is an integral part of getting future generations off welfare. The ability to get education outside of ones’ limited world will insure the development of a responsible adult. Welfare was designed to help out Americans in need. Although we encourage this view, some recipients have over stayed their welcome and made welfare into a lifestyle. Our goal as a party is to limit those bad apples.

21st Century man is no more knowledgeable than his 19th Century predecessor: he simply thinks he is

To answer this question entirely and accurately it is necessary to define quite what we mean by knowledge. Knowledge is the state or fact of knowing; the familiarity, understanding or awareness gained through experience or study; the sum or range of what has been perceived, studied or learned; learning, erudition: teachers of great knowledge or specific information about someone. This question needs to be answered before we can say whether a layman has become more knowledgeable since the 19th century or not. I will focus on the first definition that states, â€Å"Knowledge is the state or fact of knowing. † A man's knowledge consists of facts and we cannot say whether these so-called facts are true because if somebody tells us something we merely take it for granted that it is the truth. We can mainly tell what the macroscopic properties of something are i. . if someone confronted us with a red baseball bat we would be able to see that it was red and metallic looking and nobody would be able to disprove these facts. If we looked at the baseball bat closer though, going into the realms of science and the theories surrounding it and somebody said that the rod was steel and the atomic structure of steel was such and such and the properties of it were such and such we wouldn't be able to see these things in reality. What we are taught in schools and elsewhere is basically the thoughts of other supposedly clever men and women and we cannot that they are true – to be very honest we cannot prove that anything is true not even that the world we live in is real and that we actually exist as people. An instance of everyone believing the words of some supposedly clever men is when before the time of Galileo (who proved this to be utter rubbish) it was widely believed that the world was flat and anyone who disagreed with this was joshed and laughed at, as everyone knew that the fact was that the earth was flat. This leads to my belief that in years to come things that we take for granted such as that we have landed on the moon will be proved to be complete rubbish and an immense cover-up by an embarrassed nation who could give its people what they wanted and so had to trick them into believing about space flight. From this we discover that knowledge is purely subjective and could not be any other way. Our knowledge of science or at least our layman's grasp of it is in fact a jumble of half-remembered â€Å"facts† which we regurgitate when necessary. My view at the moment would be that a layman in the 21st century does know more a bout science than his predecessor in the 19th century. In the 19th century education was neither compulsory nor state-funded as it is today and so only the rich would have the benefit of a sound education and they could not be counted as lay. Even if they could be counted as lay though due to the fact that there has apparently been extremely large amounts of scientific discoveries made, such as that of electricity, between the 19th century and the present day. Other resources such as the media and the internet help to make information more widely available to us today and these certainly wouldn't have been available or even existed in the 19th century. Every bit of this contributes to our so-called knowledge making us a more knowledgeable human being. We at Winchester College are in a slightly different situation to the your Joe Public on the street but even we have no idea what Phenyl Cyclo Hexyl Hyperidine (otherwise known as PCP) actually is. Now we ask ourselves do the scientists who do these things actually know that they are true or are they merely making educated guesses about them. They don't; they merely speculate and that is the most that anyone can do. The fact that these scientists are always improving their theories suggests even more so that they are speculatory, as a fact cannot be changed in such a way by definition. The only thing that can be said to be a fact upon this apparently realistic earth, actually a simulation, is the Ultimate fact – that God exists. Unfortunately this is only the Ultimate fact to those who believe in God so even this can be argued against. Humans, at least in my knowledge, has not evolved at all since the 19th century thus our brains have no more capacity for extra knowledge, merely that we have extra information crammed into our head due to the fact that information is more readily available to us, rather than actually having more knowledge than we did in the 19th century. We could thus be called more knowledgeable but we don't even know whether this so-called information is actually true or not.

Online Integrated Marketing Communication Essay

Integrated marketing communication – the evolution of a concept The IMC approach has received almost instant recognition at the end of the 1990s, as a result of the existing trends to reduce the budget allocated to mass advertising campaigns and to concentrate on segmented or personalised communication with final consumers. The increased fragmentation of media and customers, as well as the revolution introduced in mass communication by the new communication channels – internet and mobile communication technologies – has created the need for a new approach to marketing communication, that can insure centralised management and a consistency of corporate messages sent towards various audiences. The concept of IMC was defined in many different, often contradictory, ways: Pickton and Broderick (2001) claim that synergy is the principal benefit of bringing together the various facets of marketing communications in a mutually supportive way. Definition proposed by Keegan et al. (1992, p. 631): Integrated marketing communications is the strategic co-ordination of all messages and media used by an organisation to collectively influence its perceived brand value. At the heart of this definition is the assumption that the credibility and value of both the company and its brand(s) will increase, when messages transmitted to various audiences become consistent across time and targets. Another definition proposed by Duncan (2002, p. 8) demonstrates the current conceptual perception of IMC: A cross-functional process for creating and nourishing profitable relationships with customers and other stakeholders by strategically controlling or influencing all messages sent to these groups and encouraging data-driven, purposeful dialogue with them. The notion of stakeholders implies the shift in the IMC concept from customer target audiences to the inclusion of key stakeholder groups such as employees, investors, suppliers, distributors, media and the social community. The most significant organisation barriers for the implementation of the IMC concept: * lack of horizontal communication; * functional specialisation; * decentralisation; * lack of IMC planning and expertise; * lack of budget; * lack of database technology; * corporate culture; and * fear of change. The impact of the internet technology on marketing communication: The rapid development of the internet in the last ten years has changed the classical communication procedures (Blattberg and Deighton, 1991; Holtz, 1999), because of three specific and co-existent characteristics that differentiate it from any other communication channel: * Interactivity. The internet offers multiple possibilities of interactive communication, acting not only as an interface, but also as a communication agent (allowing a direct interaction between individuals and software applications). The traditional communication channel was uni-directional, Even when communication was considered a two-way process, the institutions had the resources to send information to audiences through a very wide pipeline, while the audiences had only a minuscule pipeline for communicating back. Now, the communication channel is a network, not a pipeline. Communicators have grasped and even embraced this new proximity, fact demonstrated by the vast number of web sites which display â€Å"Contact Us† buttons and links. However, in most of the cases, these new facilities are not fully used. * Transparency. The information published online can be accessed and viewed by any internet user, unless this information is specifically protected. * Memory. The web is a channel not only for transmitting information, but also for storing information – in other words, information published on the web remains in the memory of the network until it is erased. The new realities of how audiences get and use information: * The audience is connected to the organisations * The audience is connected to one another * The audience has access to other information * Audiences pull information (info has to be available where audiences can find it, and it must be customizable) { Today, we get messages from multiple media channels: email, voice mail, faxes, pagers, cell phones, interoffice memos, overnight courier packages, television (with hundreds of channels), radio, internet radio, etc. As a result, the media that used to provide an efficient channel of communication for practitioners have become now only noise that most of the audiences have learned to filter out} Different definitions of IMC: Some retail organisations track the interaction between the online user and their web site: â€Å"the time spent by a client on a specific web page can represent an indication of his/her present interest†. â€Å"We use the results provided by our online behaviour tracking system to create personalised promotions targeted to individual customers†. The meaning is not simply transmitted, but has to be negotiated separately with each online audience. The message needs to be adapted to the specific level of understanding and interpretation of each public, but, on the other hand, has to express the same core organisational values, in order to display a coherent organisational image If the company attempts to reach foreign audiences, the message needs to be adapted to the cultural specificity of the overseas public. This raises important questions regarding the possibility of integrated online marketing communication in the global context: â€Å"we often communicate with customers from various cultural and economic backgrounds. In these conditions we must apply a clear segmentation and positioning strategy, in order to match the needs of every cultural group with our marketing messages.† The specific characteristics of the internet therefore create two conflicting tendencies: (1) the fragmentation of audiences and communication contexts requires the customisation of online marketing messages; but (2) the interactivity, transparency and memory of the web necessitates the consistency of communication and the coherence of the transmitted meaning Below figure presents the place of integrated online marketing communication in the online CRM process of the firm. The customer data/feed-back collected online is used directly to better design and implement the online integrated marketing communication, which are then targeting selected online audiences. Correctly implemented, the IMC program is a continuous cycle of gathering data and implementing response-generating marketing communication which is based on previously gathered consumer data. the specific characteristics of the internet are making the implementation of integrated online marketing communication both inevitable and efficient for an online organisation. The transparency, interactivity and memory of the internet force the organisation to adopt a proactive-reactive attitude in online communication, and to combine consistency and continuity with flexibility and customisation. These characteristics can be integrated by designing and implementing a specific model of integrated online marketing communication. The use of advanced online applications to collect customer data and feed-back information is paramount for the success of the online communication campaign (O’Malley and Mitussis, 2002). Because of the high interactivity of the internet, the communication process has become a real-time dialogue. Important issues relevant for the implementation of integrated online marketing communication have not been addressed because of space and methodology limitations. These areas can represent the subject of future research projects investigating: the management process of integrated online marketing communication; the criteria used for selecting and combing various channels in the online communication mix; the relation between the organisation and web advertising agencies; or the challenges raised by the general integration and co-ordination of online and offline (traditional) communication.

Free Essays on Creating A Class

Creating a Class The short stories â€Å" Everyday Use† by Alice Walker and â€Å" The Prodigal Son† have many similarities that put them in the same class. There are three similarities that stick out the most though in my mind. The main similarity is that they both deal with jealousy. Another similarity is that they are focused on family relationships, and finally they both involve only one parent two take care of more than one child. Jealousy is a key factor in both of these short stories. In the short story â€Å"Everyday Use† the younger daughter is jealous of her older sibling because of a few reasons; the older daughter is prettier, smarter, and has lived her life more fully. However, I feel that you can also see the older daughter as being jealous of how much closer the younger daughter is with the mother and how she is more aware of the family and the families past. In â€Å"The Prodigal Son† the older son is jealous of his younger brother because he feels that the younger brother should not have received half of the father’s assets and that the father should not have taken him back and showered him with gifts when he returns. The family and their relationships with each other also play big parts in both these stories. The relationship between the mother and the daughters in â€Å"everyday use† is a loving one just as in â€Å"the prodigal son† however in both cases siblings became jealous and this affects the relationship with the adult. The siblings in both stories feel neglected and unloved. Another issue in these stories is that there is only one adult in the house to look over the children. I feel that because there was only one parent around the burden on each parent was too much. I think that the parents felt too much pressure and did not have enough support to take care of the family they just did what they could. A similarity that wasn’t as important in these stories was that the children are alwa... Free Essays on Creating A Class Free Essays on Creating A Class Creating a Class The short stories â€Å" Everyday Use† by Alice Walker and â€Å" The Prodigal Son† have many similarities that put them in the same class. There are three similarities that stick out the most though in my mind. The main similarity is that they both deal with jealousy. Another similarity is that they are focused on family relationships, and finally they both involve only one parent two take care of more than one child. Jealousy is a key factor in both of these short stories. In the short story â€Å"Everyday Use† the younger daughter is jealous of her older sibling because of a few reasons; the older daughter is prettier, smarter, and has lived her life more fully. However, I feel that you can also see the older daughter as being jealous of how much closer the younger daughter is with the mother and how she is more aware of the family and the families past. In â€Å"The Prodigal Son† the older son is jealous of his younger brother because he feels that the younger brother should not have received half of the father’s assets and that the father should not have taken him back and showered him with gifts when he returns. The family and their relationships with each other also play big parts in both these stories. The relationship between the mother and the daughters in â€Å"everyday use† is a loving one just as in â€Å"the prodigal son† however in both cases siblings became jealous and this affects the relationship with the adult. The siblings in both stories feel neglected and unloved. Another issue in these stories is that there is only one adult in the house to look over the children. I feel that because there was only one parent around the burden on each parent was too much. I think that the parents felt too much pressure and did not have enough support to take care of the family they just did what they could. A similarity that wasn’t as important in these stories was that the children are alwa...

What Does It Take to Get into the University of Massachusettsâ€Amherst?

Located in picturesque Western Massachusetts and ranked as one of the top public universities in the country, the University of Massachusetts—Amherst is known for attracting bright students who pursue rigorous research and academics. Notable alumni include Jack Welch, Catherine â€Å"Cady† Coleman, Bill Pullman, Natalie Cole, and many others. One unique facet of the university is that it participates in the Five College Interchange, which allows you to take courses at nearby colleges including Amherst, Smith, Hampshire, and Mount Holyoke. What does it take to get into Massachusetts’ flagship public university? Read on to find out. You will apply to UMass Amherst via the Common Application unless you fall into one of the following categories: Students in the above categories can find the appropriate application links here . As part of your application, you will need to submit your: * In this case, you should submit scores for the essay portions as per the university’s recommendation. UMass Amherst discourages submitting other supplementary materials. There are some special procedures for individual programs such as art and architecture. UMass Amherst requires the following high school academic work (number indicates units): College of Engineering, School of Management, and computer science major applicants must have completed an advanced math course, such as precalculus, trigonometry, or calculus. College of Engineering applicants must have taken chemistry and physics as well. Last year, UMass Amherst had a 59% admissions rate, with 41,612 applicants and 5,010 matriculating freshmen. The average combined SAT score for the class of 2021 was 1268, and the average GPA was 3.89. Keep in mind that despite the seemingly high acceptance rate, you are still facing stiff competition and will need to set yourself apart, especially if you intend to pursue a particularly rigorous program; for individual colleges and programs, such as Commonwealth Honors College, the acceptance rate is much lower. Estimating your chance of getting into a college is not easy in today’s competitive environment. Thankfully, with our state-of-the-art software and data, we can analyze your academic and extracurricular profile and estimate your chances. Our profile analysis tool can also help you identify the improvement you need to make to enter your dream school. Emphasize innovation. UMass Amherst boasts a student body of â€Å" bright, bold, unconventional thinkers.† With rigorous yet rewarding opportunities, the school promotes intellect and creative thinking. Demonstrate your leadership experience and commitment to learning through work beyond the classroom. As with most prestigious colleges, you should show extracurricular activities in your area of interest, such as independent research for science majors. Know your strengths. UMass Amherst has 11 colleges and schools for undergraduates including: You should apply to the school that is best suited to your talents and interests, not the one that has the highest admissions rate. Your application should demonstrate leadership, extracurriculars, and strengths in areas associated with the college. For example, if you apply to the college of engineering, you should have a strong math and science background and extracurriculars in those subjects as well. You will need to put down a first- and second-choice major on your application. This is not set in stone, but you will be accepted to a specific school, so it should be the one most aligned with your strengths. Also, remember to meet the minimum coursework requirements for your intended major. Have a hook . UMass Amherst emphasizes diversity. This is exemplified in Campus Pride rating the university as one of the best campuses for LGBTQ students and its status as a top school for veterans, currently serving over 400. You don’t have to be part of a minority group to be accepted to UMass Amherst, but you should have something that sets you apart. Are you a nontraditional student with a unique story to tell? Explore that in your essay. Do you have a special talent, such as playing an interesting instrument? Make sure to include any extracurriculars in which you’ve participated or honors you’ve been awarded to that end. Being denied admission to any college, particularly one of your top choices, is disappointing. Still, it’s important to take a step back and regroup. If you get rejected from UMass Amherst, here’s what you can do: Take a gap year or transfer in. If you had your heart set on UMass Amherst or received bad news from the other colleges on your list, one option is to take a gap year and reapply next admissions cycle. If you do decide to go this route, make sure you have a productive plan for the year. You might undertake a research project, volunteer, study to improve your SAT scores, or take classes at a local college. Do know, however, that this path is risky, as taking a gap year won’t ensure your acceptance the second time around. You could also begin your studies at another institution with the hopes of transferring. UMass Amherst accepted more than 1,300 transfer students in 2016, meaning acceptance isn’t out of the question. Keep it in perspective. Even if UMass Amherst was your top choice, chances are, you’ll find a way to make a college that did accept you work. College really is what you make of it, and if you put effort into adjusting to another school by joining clubs, working hard in your classes, and cultivating a social life, you’ll likely find that you can make a fulfilling college experience for yourself, even if you end up at a college that wasn’t your top choice. When you sign up for our program, we carefully pair you with the perfect admissions specialist based on your current academic and extracurricular profile and the schools in which you’re interested. Your personal application specialist will help you with branding, essays, and interviews, and provide you with support and guidance in all other aspects of the application process.

Biology 206 U4IP Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Biology 206 U4IP - Research Paper Example Components of Cigarettes that Affect the Respiratory System: The toxic components in tobacco include substances and gases that affect the respiratory system and lead to cancer. These include components such as benzene, vinyl chloride, ethylene oxide, aromatic amines, arsenic, nickel, chromium, cadmium, and radioactive elements, and gases such as acetone, ammonia, acrolein, carbon monoxide, nitrogen, hydrogen, methane, phenol, formaldehyde, and benzene. The gas phase of smoking directly affects the respiratory tract of the body. The other constituents together cause damage to the respiratory tract with loss of cylia. Hypertrophy in the mucus gland occurs. The peripheral airways, the bronchioles also suffer and cells of the bronchial tree suffer from inflammation as a result of these constituents. The cardiovascular system, the gastric system, the cataracts are other parts of the body that are affected by smoking and its constituents. COPD or chronic obstructive pulmonary disease is th e other form of disease caused by smoking affecting the functioning of the lungs (Robinson and Scullion, 2008, pp.544-546). Increased Carbon Dioxide Levels in Blood Through Smoking: The amount of carbon dioxide in the human blood is balanced by the presence of receptor sites in the blood. However, such balance is disturbed with toxic substances being intruded in the flow of blood, and the levels of carbon dioxide can change as a result of such toxins (Francis, 2011, p.85). Increase in the levels of carbon dioxide in the blood mainly occurs when enough carbon dioxide is not exhaled out of the body. This occurs when the lungs and the respiratory system do not function properly. Thus, chronic and obstructive lung diseases that are caused by the smoking lead to increase in the levels of carbon dioxide in blood. Lung cancer causes obstruction of the lungs resulting from uncontrolled development of malignant cells, thus leading to higher levels of carbon dioxide (Cargill, 2011). Effect of Smoking on Other Organs of the Body: Smoking not only affects the lungs and the respiratory system, but it affects almost all the organs of human body, that include the heart, the blood vessels, eyes, mouth, reproductive organs, bones, bladder, and digestive systems. Blood cells in all these organs are affected by the chemicals and toxic substances present in tobacco, thereby damaging the functions of these organs. Besides the lungs, the negative effects of smoking have been mostly obtained in heart and the blood vessels, leading to severe heart diseases of humans (How Does Smoking Affect the Heart and Blood Vessels? 2011). Correlation of Cellular Respiration with Respiratory System: Physiological respiration or the respiratory system involves the process through which gases are exchanges by human beings and animals with their surroundings. This involves the process on oxygen intake in the body and exhalation of carbon dioxide from the body. The correlation of the respiratory syste m with cellular respiration is that cellular respiration involves the reactions that produce ATP (adenosine tri-phosphate), with the reactions occurring in the mitochondria. It is termed as cellular respiration as use of oxygen and release of carbon dioxide is done for these oxidative reactions (Russell, 2008, p.998). Effects of Smokeless Tobacco: Although many tobacco